Stasis Dermatitis: Symptoms, Causes and Treatments

Stasis dermatitis is a chronic skin inflammation caused by poor blood circulation in the lower legs. Stasis dermatitis occurs when veins fail to push blood back to the heart effectively, leading to fluid buildup under the skin. The trapped fluid causes swelling, redness, itching, and scaling, which worsen over time without proper care. It is known as venous stasis dermatitis, a term used to describe inflammation that results from chronic venous insufficiency or weakened vein valves.

The condition affects older adults and patients with varicose veins, obesity, or heart problems that limit circulation. It begins as early stasis dermatitis, marked by leg swelling, redness, and brown or orange discoloration from blood leakage into the skin.

The inflammation progresses into thickened, dry, and discolored skin, with possible ulcer formation in severe cases. The affected area becomes painful, and the skin barrier weakens. Diagnosis is based on visible signs and underlying venous disease, while treatment focuses on improving blood flow through compression therapy, leg elevation, and wound care. Moisturizers and topical corticosteroids are prescribed to relieve itching and scaling. Long-term management is essential to prevent ulcers, control inflammation, and maintain skin health. Early treatment of stasis helps prevent complications and supports recovery of the lower leg tissues.

What is a Stasis Dermatitis?

A stasis dermatitis is a skin condition caused by poor blood circulation in the lower legs. It happens when the veins in the legs do not push blood back to the heart properly. The valves inside the veins become weak, which leads to fluid buildup. The fluid puts pressure on the skin and causes swelling, redness, itching, and sometimes open sores. The condition is linked to venous insufficiency, meaning the veins are not working well. It is more common in older adults and people with chronic vein problems.

The term stasis dermatitis is used because the blood stays or "stagnates" in the lower legs. The skin becomes inflamed because of trapped blood and fluid. Symptoms include dry skin, scaling, brown discoloration, and pain. The skin breaks and forms ulcers. Treatment includes improving blood flow, using compression stockings, and applying medicated creams. Doctors suggest elevating the legs to reduce swelling. Long-term care is needed to prevent complications and protect the skin.

Who can have Stasis Dermatitis?

Older adults with chronic venous insufficiency and patients with limited mobility can have Stasis Dermatitis. The condition is linked to poor blood flow in the legs, which is more common in aging populations. Blood pools in the lower legs as veins weaken over time, leading to swelling and skin damage. Patients with varicose veins, deep vein thrombosis, or a history of leg injuries are more likely to develop stasis dermatitis. Obesity and heart failure increase the risk by adding pressure to the veins and reducing circulation.

The term stasis dermatitis applies to patients with long-term vein problems or reduced leg movement. Office workers, drivers, and patients recovering from surgery are affected due to prolonged sitting or standing. Pregnant patients with high blood pressure experience vein strain, which contributes to fluid buildup. The condition is more frequent in women than in men after age 50. Preventive care includes leg elevation, compression therapy, and regular movement to support vein health.

Stasis dermatitis affects patients with sedentary lifestyles or occupations requiring extended immobility. Patients with poorly managed diabetes or hypertension face increased vascular strain, contributing to skin changes. Early signs include itching, discoloration, and heaviness in the legs. Timely intervention prevents complications (ulceration or infection). Routine monitoring and vascular assessments help identify at-risk patients and guide long-term care.

What are Early Stasis Dermatitis Symptoms?

The Early Stasis Dermatitis Symptoms are listed below. 

• Leg swelling: Fluid collects in the lower legs due to poor venous function. It is one of the first signs of early stasis dermatitis, where pressure builds, and the skin begins to stretch.

• Orange spots on feet: Iron from leaked blood cells stains the skin, forming orange or rust-colored marks. The spots signal blood pooling and vein weakness, making orange spots on feet a visible warning.

• Itching: The skin becomes dry and irritated from trapped fluid and inflammation. Scratching leads to open wounds or infection.

• Skin discoloration: Blood cells leak into the skin, causing brown, red, or orange patches. The changes signal long-term pressure and damage beneath the surface.

• Redness: Inflamed skin appears red and warm to the touch. It is a sign of irritation caused by stagnant blood and fluid.

Is Stasis Dermatitis a Type of Eczema?

Yes, Stasis Dermatitis is a type of Eczema. Stasis Dermatitis is caused by poor blood circulation in the lower legs, leading to fluid buildup and skin inflammation. The condition is categorized under eczema because it shares key features (redness, itching, scaling, and skin barrier disruption). Medical sources classify it as a subtype of eczema due to its chronic nature and inflammatory response. It is seen in patients with venous insufficiency, where weakened vein valves allow blood and fluid to pool in the legs.

Stasis Dermatitis is known as gravitational eczema, venous eczema, or venous stasis dermatitis. Stasis involves immune system activity and skin irritation, like other forms of eczema, but its root cause is mechanical, linked to vascular dysfunction rather than allergens or genetics. The skin becomes dry, discolored, and prone to ulcers. It falls under the broader eczema category, while it differs in origin from allergic or genetic types. Comparisons with Atopic Eczema show overlapping symptoms (inflammation, itching, and chronic skin damage).

What are the Causes of Stasis Dermatitis?

The Causes of Stasis Dermatitis are listed below.

• Weak vein valves: Blood flows backward and pools in the legs when vein valves do not close properly. The poor flow leads to swelling and skin irritation, described as a poor circulation in legs rash.

• Chronic venous insufficiency: The long-term vein dysfunction prevents blood from moving upward. The trapped fluid causes skin changes and inflammation.

• Varicose veins: Twisted, enlarged veins slow down circulation. They increase pressure in the legs and damage surrounding tissues.

• Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): Blood clots block deep veins and reduce blood flow. The blockage weakens vein walls and contributes to skin breakdown.

• Obesity: Excess body weight puts pressure on leg veins. The strain worsens circulation and promotes fluid leakage into the skin.

• Pregnancy: Hormonal shifts and increased blood volume affect vein function. The growing uterus presses on leg veins, reducing flow and increasing risk.

• Prolonged immobility: Sitting or standing for long periods slows blood movement. It leads to pooling and skin irritation.

• Heart failure: A weak heart pumps less blood, causing backup in the legs. The resulting swelling damages the skin over time.

• Leg injuries or surgery: Trauma or surgical procedures damage veins. Scar tissue block or slow circulation.

• Aging: Vein walls and valves lose strength as patients grow older. The natural decline increases the chance of fluid buildup and skin inflammation.

Is Stasis Dermatitis Hereditary?

Yes, stasis dermatitis is hereditary, indirectly through vascular conditions. The skin disorder itself is not passed down, but the underlying causes (chronic venous insufficiency, varicose veins, and weak vein valves) run in families. The inherited vein problems lead to poor circulation in the legs, which triggers fluid buildup, inflammation, and skin damage. Patients with a family history of vein disorders develop stasis dermatitis as they age or experience prolonged immobility.

Genetic influence plays a role in the structure and function of veins, making some patients more prone to venous disease. The risk of developing circulation-related skin conditions increases if parents or siblings have varicose veins or deep vein thrombosis. Lifestyle factors (obesity, inactivity, and pregnancy) worsen inherited vein weaknesses. Its development is tied to inherited vascular traits, while stasis dermatitis itself is not classified as a genetic skin disease.

What are Stasis Dermatitis Treatments?

The Stasis Dermatitis Treatments are listed below. 

• Leg elevation: Raising the legs above heart level helps reduce swelling. It improves blood flow and lowers pressure in the veins. Patients are advised to elevate their legs several times a day.

• Compression therapy: Wearing compression stockings supports vein function. It prevents fluid buildup and reduces inflammation. Proper fit and consistent use are key to success.

• Topical corticosteroids: The topical creams reduce redness, itching, and swelling. They are applied directly to the affected skin. Short-term use is recommended to avoid thinning the skin.

• Moisturizers: Regular use of emollients keeps the skin hydrated. It prevents cracking and reduces irritation. Fragrance-free formulas are preferred for sensitive skin.

• Antibiotics (topical or oral): Used when infection is present. They help clear bacteria and promote healing. A doctor must confirm signs of disease before prescribing.

• Oral anti-inflammatory drugs: The medications reduce pain and swelling. Medications support other treatments by controlling inflammation. It is used under medical supervision.

• Lifestyle changes: Weight management, regular walking, and avoiding long periods of sitting or standing improve circulation. The habits reduce pressure on leg veins. Long-term commitment is needed for lasting results.

• Wound care for ulcers: Specialized dressings and cleaning routines are required if open sores develop. It prevents infection and supports healing. Medical guidance is essential for proper care.

• Vein procedures (ablation or stripping): Damaged veins are removed or closed, in severe cases. The surgical options restore better blood flow. The Vein procedures are considered when conservative treatments fail.

• Monitoring and follow-up: Regular checkups help track progress and adjust treatments. Doctors assess skin condition and vein health. Ongoing care prevents complications and recurrence.

What are the Risks of Stasis Dermatitis?

The Risks of Stasis Dermatitis are listed below. 

• Venous ulcers: Open sores form on the lower legs due to prolonged swelling and skin damage. The ulcers are slow to heal and prone to infection. The Venous ulcers require specialized wound care.

• Skin infection (cellulitis): Bacteria enter through cracked or broken skin. It leads to redness, warmth, and pain, spreading rapidly. Hospital treatment is needed for severe cases.

• Permanent skin discoloration: Iron from leaked blood cells stains the skin brown or orange. The discoloration becomes permanent over time. It signals chronic venous pressure and damage.

• Thickened and hardened skin (lipodermatosclerosis): Long-term inflammation causes the skin and fat layer to become firm. The area feels tight or painful. The condition limits mobility and worsens circulation.

• Itching and scratching injuries: Persistent itching leads to scratching, which breaks the skin. It increases the risk of infection and ulcer formation. It worsens inflammation and discomfort.

• Reduced mobility: Pain, swelling, and skin changes make walking difficult. Limited movement worsens circulation. It creates a cycle of worsening symptoms.

• Chronic pain: Inflammation and pressure in the legs cause ongoing discomfort. Pain interferes with sleep and daily activities. It requires long-term management.

• Scarring: Repeated skin damage and healing leave behind thick scars. The marks reduce skin flexibility. The scars affect appearance and self-esteem.

• Venous hypertension: Pressure builds in the veins due to poor blood flow. It worsens swelling and skin damage. It is a key factor in disease progression.

• Delayed wound healing: Skin injuries take longer to heal due to poor circulation. Even minor cuts become chronic wounds. It increases the risk of complications and hospital care.

How is Stasis Dermatitis Compared to Contact Dermatitis?

Stasis dermatitis is more circulation-related than Contact Dermatitis. The Stasis dermatitis develops when veins in the lower legs fail to return blood to the heart efficiently, causing fluid buildup and pressure under the skin. It leads to inflammation, brown discoloration, scaling, and open sores. The condition is chronic and worsens over time without vascular support in older adults or in patients with venous insufficiency.

Contact Dermatitis is caused by direct exposure to irritants or allergens. Contact Dermatitis appears quickly after contact with substances (soaps, chemicals, or plants) and resolves once the trigger is removed. It is not linked to blood flow or vein health, unlike stasis dermatitis. The conditions involve itching, redness, and skin irritation, but their causes and treatments differ. Stasis dermatitis requires circulation-focused care, while Contact Dermatitis responds to allergen avoidance, barrier creams, and topical steroids.

What Happens if You Don't Treat Stasis Dermatitis?

Severe skin damage, chronic ulcers, and infection occur if you do not treat Stasis Dermatitis. The condition begins with swelling and discoloration in the lower legs, but without proper care, it worsens into painful sores, hardened skin, and long-term circulation problems.

Untreated stasis dermatitis leads to fluid buildup that stretches and weakens the skin. The skin becomes dry, itchy, and discolored, turning brown or orange due to iron deposits from leaking blood cells. 

Persistent inflammation causes the skin to crack, making it vulnerable to bacterial infections (cellulitis). Open wounds called venous ulcers form, which heal slowly and require medical intervention. The skin hardens, a condition known as lipodermatosclerosis, which limits mobility and increases pain. The complications become more complicated to manage and lead to hospitalization or long-term disability without treatment.

Can Stasis Eczema Be Cured?

No, Stasis Eczema cannot be fully cured, but its symptoms are managed. The condition is caused by chronic vein problems that lead to poor circulation in the lower legs. The skin symptoms return or worsen without consistent care, because the underlying issue, venous insufficiency, is long-term. Treatment focuses on reducing swelling, improving blood flow, and protecting the skin from damage.

Management includes compression therapy, leg elevation, moisturizers, and topical medications. Vein procedures help improve circulation, but they do not eliminate the risk. Patients must follow a long-term care plan to prevent complications (ulcers or infection). Flare-ups become less frequent and skin health improves, with proper treatment, but stasis eczema remains a chronic condition.

What is the Best Cream for Stasis Dermatitis?

The best cream for stasis dermatitis is the Relief Dermatitis Cream from EraOrganics. The plant-based moisturizer is designed to soothe dry, itchy, and inflamed skin without harsh chemicals. It contains aloe vera, manuka honey, and other natural ingredients that help restore the skin barrier, reduce redness, and support healing. Users report noticeable relief from irritation and scaling in areas affected by poor circulation.

The formula is steroid-free and suitable for long-term use, making it ideal for chronic conditions like stasis dermatitis. The cream targets symptoms (itching, flaking, and discoloration) while promoting hydration and skin repair. The cream is available in 4oz and 8oz sizes and is well-reviewed for its calming effects on eczema, psoriasis, and venous-related skin issues. Dermatitis Cream offers immediate comfort and ongoing skin support for patients seeking a non-prescription option.

Is Stasis Dermatitis Due to Heart Failure?

Yes, stasis dermatitis is due to heart failure, as a contributing factor that worsens circulation in the legs. Heart failure reduces the heart’s ability to pump blood effectively, which leads to fluid buildup in the lower extremities. Increased pressure in the veins, known as venous hypertension, causes swelling, skin irritation, and eventually the development of stasis dermatitis. The condition appears in patients with chronic heart failure when peripheral congestion is present.

Poor cardiac output slows blood return from the legs to the heart, allowing fluid to leak into surrounding tissues. Poor cardiac output triggers inflammation, discoloration, and skin breakdown. Patients with heart failure and stasis dermatitis experience more extended hospital stays and more severe symptoms due to compounded vascular stress. Managing heart failure is essential to controlling stasis dermatitis, as the conditions are linked through circulatory dysfunction.

What Vitamins are Good for Stasis Dermatitis?

The vitamins that are good for stasis dermatitis are vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin B3 (niacinamide), vitamin E, and folate with vitamin B12. Vitamin C strengthens small blood vessels and improves tissue repair, which is essential in legs affected by swelling and poor circulation. Low vitamin C levels delay healing and weaken the skin barrier. Vitamin D supports immune balance and helps control inflammation in the skin, while low vitamin D levels are linked with slow wound recovery. 

Vitamin B3 aids in rebuilding the skin barrier and limits redness by reducing inflammatory chemicals. The vitamins help manage oxidative stress, reduce swelling, and promote healthier skin tissue in patients with chronic venous problems.

Vitamin E acts as a fat-soluble antioxidant that protects skin cells from damage caused by poor blood flow and free radicals. Vitamin E helps reduce itching and scaling in inflamed skin, but allergic contact reactions to tocopherol appear in sensitive patients. Folate and vitamin B12 lower homocysteine levels, which are elevated in patients with venous disease and linked to inflammation and tissue damage. A balanced intake of the vitamins supports blood vessel function and skin healing, complementing compression therapy and proper wound care for stasis dermatitis.

What is the Difference Between Stasis Dermatitis and Atopic Eczema?

The difference between stasis dermatitis and atopic eczema is that stasis dermatitis develops from poor blood circulation in the lower legs, while atopic eczema results from an overactive immune response that damages the skin barrier. Stasis dermatitis occurs when weakened veins cause fluid buildup, leading to swelling, redness, and scaling around the ankles and shins. The condition is most common in adults with chronic venous insufficiency or varicose veins. Atopic eczema begins in childhood and is related to genetic and immune factors that make the skin dry, itchy, and easily irritated. It appears on areas (face, elbows, and knees) rather than the lower legs.

The conditions share signs of inflammation (redness, itching, and thickened skin), but their causes and treatments differ. Stasis dermatitis improves through managing circulation with compression stockings and leg elevation, while atopic eczema requires moisturizing creams and anti-inflammatory therapy to restore barrier function. Inflammation in stasis dermatitis is secondary to vascular leakage, while in atopic eczema, it is driven by immune hypersensitivity and loss of filaggrin protein. The differences help guide correct treatment, as misdiagnosis leads to ineffective management or worsening skin damage.

Disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new skincare routine or supplement. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.